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Glossary of Tree
Terms
Acicular- Needlelike.
Angiosperm- Means 'enclosed seeds' and identifies trees usually known as
hardwoods.
Bract- A thin leaf-like structure often extending past the cone scale on
conifers.
Cone- Seed bearing structure of certain gymnosperms.
Conifer- A gymnosperm which bears cones.
Cultivar (cultivated variety)- A unique form or type propagated and
maintained for specific purposes.
Deciduous- Characteristic of leaves dropping in the fall.
Douglas Fir - Pseudotsuga menziesii – good fragrance; holds blue to
dark green; 1” to 1 ½” needles; needles have one of the best aromas among
Christmas trees when crushed. Named after David Douglas who studied the tree in
the 1800’s; good conical shape; can live for a thousand years.
Evergreen- Characteristic of retaining at least some leaves through the
fall and winter.
Fascicle- A cluster or bundle, usually referring to groups of needles in
certain pines.
Flower- Reproductive structure of a plant.
Fruit- Seed bearing part of a plant.
Grand Fir – Adies grandis – shiny, dark green needles about 1” –
1 1/2 “ long; the needles when crushed, give off a citrus smell.
Gymnosperm- Means 'naked seeds' and identifies trees usually known as
softwoods or evergreens. Christmas trees are nearly always gymnosperms.
Habit- Shape or form of a plant.
Habitat- Location where a plant lives.
Hybrid- Cross between two plants, usually indicates between two species.
Leaf- Plant structure which is the primary location for photosynthesis.
Long slender leaves are often referred to as needles.
Monecious- Plant with both sexes on the same individual.
Morphology- Dealing with form and structure.
Needles- Long, slender leaves typical of many gymnosperms.
Noble Fir – Abies procera – one inch long, bluish-green needles with a silvery
appearance; has short, stiff branches; great for heavier ornaments; keeps well;
is used to make wreaths, door swags and garland.
Nomenclature- Naming of an organism.
Phloem- Conducting tissue for products of photosynthesis.
Pollination- Transfer of pollen from the male to the female.
Scale- Small , suppressed leaf as found in junipers, or the individual
unit of a cone under which the seeds may be found.
Species- Taxonomic classification below genus. Also a group of
individuals considered set apart form other species by consistent differences in
morphology, ecology or reproductive behavior.
Sterigmata- Small, peg-like structures on which the individual needles of
some species can be found.
Strobili- A reproductive structure of conifers and certain other plants.
Consists of organs of one or both sexes. 'Strobilus' is the singular form of the
word.
Taxonomic - Dealing with the description, classification and naming of
organisms.
Variety- Taxonomic classification below the level of species, which
indicates morphological or genetic differences.
Xylem- Conducting tissue of plants involved in transport of water and
nutrients upward in the tree.
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